Job-order Costing Principles of Managerial Accounting

While making drumsticks may sound simple, an immense amount of technology is involved. Rock City Percussion makes \(8,000\) hickory sticks per day, four days each week. The sticks made of maple and birch are manufactured on the fifth day of the week. It is difficult to tell https://www.bookkeeping-reviews.com/ the first drumstick made on Monday from the \(32,000\)th one made on Thursday, so a computer matches the sticks in pairs based on the tone produced. You have to estimate the total overhead costs that consist of your office rent, equipment costs, and administrative costs.

1. At the end of the year, the estimated applied overhead costs and actual overhead costs incurred are reconciled and any difference is adjusted.
2. The actual cost to produce each unit through a process costing system varies, but the average result is an adequate determination of the cost for each manufactured unit.
3. Its formula, which computes the overall cost of a job order, is a simple equation.
4. Each job must have its own identity, which is called “Job Code,” to make sure that all relevant costs assign to the right job.
5. (Some university food service companies prepare meals this way.) Companies such as these use job costing methods to accumulate the cost of each batch.

Determining the Costs of an Individual Job Using Job Order Costing

While companies may choose different cost accounting systems, each system must be capable of accumulating the costs incurred and allocating the costs to the product. Each costing system also requires the ability to obtain and analyze the cost data, and the more detailed the information needed, the higher the cost of collecting the data. The choice of cost accumulation system depends on the variety and type of products or services sold, or the type of manufacturing processes employed. The system used should be determined by weighing the cost of collecting the data and the benefit of having that information. Technology makes it easy to track costs as small as one fastener or ounce of glue. However, if each fastener had to be requisitioned and each ounce of glue recorded, the product would take longer to make and the direct labor cost would be higher.

Calculate Total Cost

An example is provided to illustrate how a job cost sheet is completed to account for the cost of a job under the financial leverage method. In a true job cost accounting system, a budget is set up in advance of the job. As actual costs are accrued, they are compared to budgeted costs, to determine variances for each phase of each job. Cost Codes are used for each phase, allowing “mini-budgets” to be generated and tracked.

Features of Job Costing